SIC CODES

SIC Codes containing "palabra"

Enter here and view the list of Economic Activities that contain the word: commercial

SIC items for commercial

There are 28 Economic Activities in all levels that containg the word "COMMERCIAL" in their name or detailed description. Have you that what you are searching for?

  • Class 0170
    Hunting, trapping and related service activities
    This class includes:
    ~ hunting and trapping on a COMMERCIAL basis
    ~ taking of animals (dead or alive) for food, fur, skin, or for use in research, in zoos or as pets
    ~ production of fur skins, reptile or bird skins from hunting or trapping activities

    This class also includes:
    ~ land-based catching of sea mammals such as walrus and seal

  • Class 0311
    Marine fishing
    This class includes:
    ~ fishing on a COMMERCIAL basis in ocean and coastal waters
    ~ taking of marine crustaceans and molluscs
    ~ whale catching
    ~ taking of marine aquatic animals: turtles, sea squirts, tunicates, sea urchins etc.

    This class also includes:
    ~ activities of vessels engaged both in fishing and in processing and preserving of fish
    ~ gathering of other marine organisms and materials: natural pearls, sponges, coral and algae

  • Class 0312
    Freshwater fishing
    This class includes:
    ~ fishing on a COMMERCIAL basis in inland waters
    ~ taking of freshwater crustaceans and molluscs
    ~ taking of freshwater aquatic animals

    This class also includes:
    ~ gathering of freshwater materials

  • Class 1709
    Manufacture of other articles of paper and paperboard
    This class includes:
    ~ manufacture of household and personal hygiene paper and cellulose wadding products:
    ~ cleansing tissues
    ~ handkerchiefs, towels, serviettes
    ~ toilet paper
    ~ sanitary towels and tampons, napkins and napkin liners for babies
    ~ cups, dishes and trays
    ~ manufacture of textile wadding and articles of wadding: sanitary towels, tampons etc.
    ~ manufacture of printing and writing paper ready for use
    ~ manufacture of computer printout paper ready for use
    ~ manufacture of self-copy paper ready for use
    ~ manufacture of duplicator stencils and carbon paper ready for use
    ~ manufacture of gummed or adhesive paper ready for use
    ~ manufacture of envelopes and letter-cards
    ~ manufacture of registers, accounting books, binders, albums and similar educational and COMMERCIAL stationery
    ~ manufacture of boxes, pouches, wallets and writing compendiums containing an assortment of paper stationery
    ~ manufacture of wallpaper and similar wall coverings, including vinyl-coated and textile wallpaper
    ~ manufacture of labels
    ~ manufacture of filter paper and paperboard
    ~ manufacture of paper and paperboard bobbins, spools, cops etc.
    ~ manufacture of egg trays and other moulded pulp packaging products etc.
    ~ manufacture of paper novelties


  • Class 1811
    Printing
    This class includes:
    ~ printing of newspapers, magazines and other periodicals, books and brochures, music and music manuscripts, maps, atlases, posters, advertising catalogues, prospectuses and other printed advertising, postage stamps, taxation stamps, documents of title, cheques and other security papers, diaries, calendars, business forms and other COMMERCIAL printed matter, personal stationery and other printed matter by letterpress, offset, photogravure, flexographic and other printing presses, duplication machines, computer printers, embossers etc., including quick printing
    ~ printing directly onto textiles, plastic, glass, metal, wood and ceramics

    The material printed is typically copyrighted.

    This class also includes:
    ~ printing on labels or tags (lithographic, gravure printing, flexographic printing, other)

  • Class 2826
    Manufacture of machinery for textile, apparel and leather production
    This class includes:
    ~ manufacture of textile machinery:
    ~ machines for preparing, producing, extruding, drawing, texturing or cutting man-made textile fibres, materials or yarns
    ~ machines for preparing textile fibres: cotton gins, bale breakers, garnetters, cotton spreaders, wool scourers, wool carbonizers, combs, carders, roving frames etc.
    ~ spinning machines
    ~ machines for preparing textile yarns: reelers, warpers and related machines
    ~ weaving machines (looms), including hand looms
    ~ knitting machines
    ~ machines for making knotted net, tulle, lace, braid etc.
    ~ manufacture of auxiliary machines or equipment for textile machinery:
    ~ dobbies, jacquards, automatic stop motions, shuttle changing mechanisms, spindles and spindle flyers etc.
    ~ manufacture of textile printing machinery
    ~ manufacture of machinery for fabric processing:
    ~ machinery for washing, bleaching, dyeing, dressing, finishing, coating or impregnating textile fabrics
    ~ manufacture of machines for reeling, unreeling, folding, cutting or pinking textile fabrics
    ~ manufacture of laundry machinery:
    ~ ironing machines, including fusing presses
    ~ COMMERCIAL washing and drying machines
    ~ dry-cleaning machines
    ~ manufacture of sewing machines, sewing machine heads and sewing machine needles (whether or not for household use)
    ~ manufacture of machines for producing or finishing felt or non-wovens
    ~ manufacture of leather machines:
    ~ machinery for preparing, tanning or working hides, skins or leather
    ~ machinery for making or repairing footwear or other articles of hides, skins, leather or fur skins

  • Class 7911
    Travel agency activities
    This class includes:
    ~ activities of agencies primarily engaged in selling travel, tour, transportation and accommodation services to the general public and COMMERCIAL clients

  • Class 9512
    Repair of communication equipment
    This class includes:
    ~ repair and maintenance of communications equipment such as:
    ~ cordless telephones
    ~ cellular phones
    ~ carrier equipment modems
    ~ fax machines
    ~ communications transmission equipment (e.g. routers, bridges, modems)
    ~ two-way radios
    ~ COMMERCIAL TV and video cameras

  • Class 2910
    Manufacture of motor vehicles
    This class includes:
    ~ manufacture of passenger cars
    ~ manufacture of COMMERCIAL vehicles:
    ~ vans, lorries, over-the-road tractors for semi-trailers etc.
    ~ manufacture of buses, trolley-buses and coaches
    ~ manufacture of motor vehicle engines
    ~ manufacture of chassis fitted with engines
    ~ manufacture of other motor vehicles:
    ~ snowmobiles, golf carts, amphibious vehicles
    ~ fire engines, street sweepers, travelling libraries, armoured cars etc.
    ~ concrete-mixer lorries
    ~ ATVs, go-carts and similar including race cars

    This class also includes:
    ~ factory rebuilding of motor vehicle engines

  • Class 3011
    Building of ships and floating structures
    This class includes the building of ships, except vessels for sports or recreation, and the construction of floating structures.

    This class includes:
    ~ building of COMMERCIAL vessels:
    ~ passenger vessels, ferry boats, cargo ships, tankers, tugs etc.
    ~ building of warships
    ~ building of fishing boats and fish-processing factory vessels

    This class also includes:
    ~ building of hovercraft (except recreation-type hovercraft)
    ~ construction of drilling platforms, floating or submersible
    ~ construction of floating structures:
    ~ floating docks, pontoons, coffer-dams, floating landing stages, buoys, floating tanks, barges, lighters, floating cranes, non-recreational inflatable rafts etc.
    ~ manufacture of sections for ships and floating structures


  • Class 3313
    Repair of electronic and optical equipment
    This class includes the repair and maintenance of goods produced in groups 265, 266 and 267, except those that are considered household goods.

    This class includes:
    ~ repair and maintenance of the measuring, testing, navigating and control equipment of group 265, such as:
    ~ aircraft engine instruments
    ~ automotive emissions testing equipment
    ~ meteorological instruments
    ~ physical, electrical and chemical properties testing and inspection equipment
    ~ surveying instruments
    ~ radiation detection and monitoring instruments
    ~ repair and maintenance of irradiation, electromedical and electrotherapeutic equipment of class 2660, such as:
    ~ magnetic resonance imaging equipment
    ~ medical ultrasound equipment
    ~ pacemakers
    ~ hearing aids
    ~ electrocardiographs
    ~ electromedical endoscopic equipment
    ~ irradiation apparatus
    ~ repair and maintenance of optical instruments and equipment of class 2670, if the use is mainly COMMERCIAL, such as:
    ~ binoculars
    ~ microscopes (except electron and proton microscopes)
    ~ telescopes
    ~ prisms and lenses (except ophthalmic)
    ~ photographic equipment

  • Class 3312
    Repair of machinery
    This class includes the repair and maintenance of industrial machinery and equipment like sharpening or installing COMMERCIAL and industrial machinery blades and saws; the provision of welding (e.g. automotive, general) repair services; the repair of agricultural and other heavy and industrial machinery and equipment (e.g. forklifts and other materials handling equipment, machine tools, COMMERCIAL refrigeration equipment, construction equipment and mining machinery), comprising machinery and equipment of division 28.

    This class includes:
    ~ repair and maintenance of non-automotive engines, e.g. ship or rail engines
    ~ repair and maintenance of pumps and related equipment
    ~ repair and maintenance of fluid power equipment
    ~ repair of valves
    ~ repair of gearing and driving elements
    ~ repair and maintenance of industrial process furnaces
    ~ repair and maintenance of materials handling equipment
    ~ repair and maintenance of COMMERCIAL refrigeration equipment and air purifying equipment
    ~ repair and maintenance of COMMERCIAL,type general-purpose machinery
    ~ repair of other power-driven hand-tools
    ~ repair and maintenance of metal cutting and metal forming machine tools and accessories
    ~ repair and maintenance of other machine tools
    ~ repair and maintenance of agricultural tractors
    ~ repair and maintenance of agricultural machinery and forestry and logging machinery
    ~ repair and maintenance of metallurgy machinery
    ~ repair and maintenance of mining, construction, and oil and gas field machinery
    ~ repair and maintenance of food, beverage, and tobacco processing machinery
    ~ repair and maintenance of textile apparel, and leather production machinery
    ~ repair and maintenance of papermaking machinery
    ~ repair and maintenance of other special-purpose machinery of division 28
    ~ repair and maintenance of weighing equipment
    ~ repair and maintenance of vending machines
    ~ repair and maintenance of cash registers
    ~ repair and maintenance of photocopy machines
    ~ repair of calculators, electronic or not
    ~ repair of typewriters

  • Class 4610
    Wholesale on a fee or contract basis
    This class includes:
    ~ activities of commission agents and all other wholesalers who trade on behalf and on the account of others
    ~ activities of those involved in bringing sellers and buyers together or undertaking COMMERCIAL transactions on behalf of a principal, including on the internet
    ~ such agents involved in the sale of:
    ~ agricultural raw materials, live animals, textile raw materials and semi-finished goods
    ~ fuels, ores, metals and industrial chemicals, including fertilizers
    ~ food, beverages and tobacco
    ~ textiles, clothing, fur, footwear and leather goods
    ~ timber and building materials
    ~ machinery, including office machinery and computers, industrial equipment, ships and aircraft
    ~ furniture, household goods and hardware

    This class also includes:
    ~ activities of wholesale auctioneering houses

  • Class 4773
    Other retail sale of new goods in specialized stores
    This class includes:
    ~ retail sale of photographic, optical and precision equipment
    ~ activities of opticians
    ~ retail sale of watches, clocks and jewellery
    ~ retail sale of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food
    ~ retail sale of souvenirs, craftwork and religious articles
    ~ activities of COMMERCIAL art galleries
    ~ retail sale of household fuel oil, bottled gas, coal and fuel wood
    ~ retail sale of cleaning materials
    ~ retail sale of weapons and ammunition
    ~ retail sale of stamps and coins
    ~ retail sale of non-food products n.e.c.

  • Class 6920
    Accounting, bookkeeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy
    This class includes:
    ~ recording of COMMERCIAL transactions from businesses or others
    ~ preparation or auditing of financial accounts
    ~ examination of accounts and certification of their accuracy
    ~ preparation of personal and business income tax returns
    ~ advisory activities and representation on behalf of clients before tax authorities

  • Class 7420
    Photographic activities
    This class includes:
    ~ COMMERCIAL and consumer photograph production:
    ~ portrait photography for passports, schools, weddings etc.
    ~ photography for commercials, publishers, fashion, real estate or tourism purposes
    ~ aerial photography
    ~ videotaping of events: weddings, meetings etc.
    ~ film processing:
    ~ developing, printing and enlarging from client-taken negatives or cine-films
    ~ film developing and photo printing laboratories
    ~ one hour photo shops (not part of camera stores)
    ~ mounting of slides
    ~ copying and restoring or transparency retouching in connection with photographs
    ~ activities of photojournalists

    This class also includes:
    ~ microfilming of documents

  • Class 7490
    Other professional, scientific and technical activities n.e.c.
    This class includes a great variety of service activities generally delivered to COMMERCIAL clients. It includes those activities for which more advanced professional, scientific and technical skill levels are required, but does not include ongoing, routine business functions that are generally of short duration.

    This class includes:
    ~ translation and interpretation activities
    ~ business brokerage activities, i.e. arranging for the purchase and sale of small and medium-sized businesses, including professional practices, but not including real estate brokerage
    ~ patent brokerage activities (arranging for the purchase and sale of patents)
    ~ appraisal activities other than for real estate and insurance (for antiques, jewellery, etc.)
    ~ bill auditing and freight rate information
    ~ activities of quantity surveyors
    ~ weather forecasting activities
    ~ security consulting
    ~ agronomy consulting
    ~ environmental consulting
    ~ other technical consulting
    ~ activities of consultants other than architecture, engineering and management consultants

    This class also includes:
    ~ activities carried on by agents and agencies on behalf of individuals usually involving the obtaining of engagements in motion picture, theatrical production or other entertainment or sports attractions and the placement of books, plays, artworks, photographs etc., with publishers, producers etc.

  • Class 8130
    Landscape care and maintenance service activities
    This class includes:
    ~ planting, care and maintenance of:
    ~ parks and gardens for:
    ~~ private and public housing
    ~~ public and semi-public buildings (schools, hospitals, administrative buildings, church buildings etc.)
    ~~ municipal grounds (parks, green areas, cemeteries etc.)
    ~~ highway greenery (roads, train lines and tramlines, waterways, ports)
    ~~ industrial and COMMERCIAL buildings
    ~ greenery for:
    ~~ buildings (roof gardens, façade greenery, indoor gardens)
    ~~ sports grounds (e.g. football fields, golf courses etc.), play grounds, lawns for sunbathing and other recreational parks
    ~~ stationary and flowing water (basins, alternating wet areas, ponds, swimming pools, ditches, watercourses, plant sewage systems)
    ~ plants for protection against noise, wind, erosion, visibility and dazzling

    This class also includes:
    ~ maintenance of land in order to keep it in good ecological condition


  • Class 7730
    Renting and leasing of other machinery, equipment and tangible goods
    This class includes:
    ~ renting and operational leasing, without operator, of other machinery and equipment that are generally used as capital goods by industries:
    ~ engines and turbines
    ~ machine tools
    ~ mining and oilfield equipment
    ~ professional radio, television and communication equipment
    ~ motion picture production equipment
    ~ measuring and controlling equipment
    ~ other scientific, COMMERCIAL and industrial machinery
    ~ renting and operational leasing of land-transport equipment (other than motor vehicles) without drivers:
    ~ motorcycles, caravans and campers etc.
    ~ railroad vehicles
    ~ renting and operational leasing of water-transport equipment without operator:
    ~ COMMERCIAL boats and ships
    ~ renting and operational leasing of air transport equipment without operator:
    ~ airplanes
    ~ hot-air balloons
    ~ renting and operational leasing of agricultural and forestry machinery and equipment without operator:
    ~ renting of products produced by class 2821, such as agricultural tractors etc.
    ~ renting and operational leasing of construction and civil-engineering machinery and equipment without operator:
    ~ crane lorries
    ~ scaffolds and work platforms, without erection and dismantling
    ~ renting and operational leasing of office machinery and equipment without operator:
    ~ computers and computer peripheral equipment
    ~ duplicating machines, typewriters and word-processing machines
    ~ accounting machinery and equipment: cash registers, electronic calculators etc.
    ~ office furniture

    This class also includes:
    ~ renting of accommodation or office containers
    ~ renting of containers
    ~ renting of pallets
    ~ renting of animals (e.g. herds, race horses)

  • Class 8542
    Cultural education
    This class includes provision of instruction in the arts, drama and music. Units giving this type of instructions might be named schools, studios, classes, etc. They provide formally organized instruction, mainly for hobby, recreational or self-development purposes, but such instruction does not lead to a professional diploma, baccalaureate or graduate degree.

    This class includes:
    ~ piano teachers and other music instruction
    ~ art instruction
    ~ dance instruction and dance studios
    ~ drama schools (except academic)
    ~ fine arts schools (except academic)
    ~ performing arts schools (except academic)
    ~ photography schools (except commercial)

  • Class 9601
    Washing and (dry-) cleaning of textile and fur products
    This class includes:
    ~ laundering and dry-cleaning, pressing etc., of all kinds of clothing (including fur) and textiles, provided by mechanical equipment, by hand or by self-service coin-operated machines, whether for the general public or for industrial or COMMERCIAL clients
    ~ laundry collection and delivery
    ~ carpet and rug shampooing and drapery and curtain cleaning, whether on clients' premises or not
    ~ provision of linens, work uniforms and related items by laundries
    ~ diaper supply services

    This class also includes:
    ~ repair and minor alteration of garments or other textile articles when done in connection with cleaning

  • Group 301
    Building of ships and boats
    This group includes the building of ships, boats and other floating structures for transportation and other COMMERCIAL purposes, as well as for sports and recreational purposes.
  • Group 791
    Travel agency and tour operator activities
    This group includes the activities of agencies, primarily engaged in selling travel, tour, transportation and accommodation services to the general public and COMMERCIAL clients and the activity of arranging and assembling tours that are sold through travel agencies or directly by agents such as tour operators.
  • Division 43
    Specialized construction activities
    This division includes specialized construction activities (special trades), i.e. the construction of parts of buildings and civil engineering works without responsibility for the entire project. These activities are usually specialized in one aspect common to different structures, requiring specialized skills or equipment, such as pile driving, foundation work, carcass work, concrete work, brick laying, stone setting, scaffolding, roof covering, etc. The erection of steel structures is included, provided that the parts are not produced by the same unit. Specialized construction activities are mostly carried out under subcontract, but especially in repair construction it is done directly for the owner of the property.

    Also included are building finishing and building completion activities.

    Included is the installation of all kind of utilities that make the construction function as such. These activities are usually performed at the site of the construction, although parts of the job may be carried out in a special shop. Included are activities such as plumbing, installation of heating and air-conditioning systems, antennas, alarm systems and other electrical work, sprinkler systems, elevators and escalators, etc. Also included are insulation work (water, heat, sound), sheet metal work, COMMERCIAL refrigerating work, the installation of illumination and signalling systems for roads, railways, airports, harbours, etc. Also included is the repair of the same type as the above-mentioned activities.

    Building completion activities encompass activities that contribute to the completion or finishing of a construction such as glazing, plastering, painting, floor and wall tiling or covering with other materials like parquet, carpets, wallpaper, etc., floor sanding, finish carpentry, acoustical work, cleaning of the exterior, etc. Also included is the repair of the same type as the above-mentioned activities.

    The renting of construction equipment with operator is classified with the associated construction activity.

  • Division 46
    Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles
    This division includes wholesale trade on own account or on a fee or contract basis (commission trade) related to domestic wholesale trade as well as international wholesale trade (import/export).

    Wholesale is the resale (sale without transformation) of new and used goods to retailers, business-to-business trade, such as to industrial, COMMERCIAL, institutional or professional users, or resale to other wholesalers, or involves acting as an agent or broker in buying goods for, or selling goods to, such persons or companies. The principal types of businesses included are merchant wholesalers, i.e. wholesalers who take title to the goods they sell, such as wholesale merchants or jobbers, industrial distributors, exporters, importers, and cooperative buying associations, sales branches and sales offices (but not retail stores) that are maintained by manufacturing or mining units apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products and that do not merely take orders to be filled by direct shipments from the plants or mines. Also included are merchandise brokers, commission merchants and agents and assemblers, buyers and cooperative associations engaged in the marketing of farm products.

    Wholesalers frequently physically assemble, sort and grade goods in large lots, break bulk, repack and redistribute in smaller lots, for example pharmaceuticals; store, refrigerate, deliver and install goods, engage in sales promotion for their customers and label design.

    This division excludes the wholesale of motor vehicles, caravans and motorcycles, as well as motor vehicle accessories (see division 45), the renting and leasing of goods (see division 77) and the packing of solid goods and bottling of liquid or gaseous goods, including blending and filtering, for third parties (see class 8292).

  • Division 79
    Travel agency, tour operator, reservation service and related activities
    This division includes the activity of selling travel, tour, transportation and accommodation services to the general public and COMMERCIAL clients and the activity of arranging and assembling tours that are sold through travel agencies or directly by agents such as tour operators, as well as other travel-related services including reservation services. The activities of tourist guides and tourism promotion activities are also included.
  • Section C
    Manufacturing
    This section includes the physical or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products, although this cannot be used as the single universal criterion for defining manufacturing (see remark on processing of waste below). The materials, substances, or components transformed are raw materials that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining or quarrying as well as products of other manufacturing activities. Substantial alteration, renovation or reconstruction of goods is generally considered to be manufacturing.

    Units engaged in manufacturing are often described as plants, factories or mills and characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. However, units that transform materials or substances into new products by hand or in the worker's home and those engaged in selling to the general public of products made on the same premises from which they are sold, such as bakeries and custom tailors, are also included in this section. Manufacturing units may process materials or may contract with other units to process their materials for them. Both types of units are included in manufacturing.

    The output of a manufacturing process may be finished in the sense that it is ready for utilization or consumption, or it may be semi-finished in the sense that it is to become an input for further manufacturing. For example, the output of alumina refining is the input used in the primary production of aluminium; primary aluminium is the input to aluminium wire drawing; and aluminium wire is the input for the manufacture of fabricated wire products.

    Manufacture of specialized components and parts of, and accessories and attachments to, machinery and equipment is, as a general rule, classified in the same class as the manufacture of the machinery and equipment for which the parts and accessories are intended. Manufacture of unspecialized components and parts of machinery and equipment, e.g. engines, pistons, electric motors, electrical assemblies, valves, gears, roller bearings, is classified in the appropriate class of manufacturing, without regard to the machinery and equipment in which these items may be included. However, making specialized components and accessories by moulding or extruding plastics materials is included in class 2220.

    Assembly of the component parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing. This includes the assembly of manufactured products from either self-produced or purchased components.

    The recovery of waste, i.e. the processing of waste into secondary raw materials is classified in class 3830 (Materials recovery). While this may involve physical or chemical transformations, this is not considered to be a part of manufacturing. The primary purpose of these activities is considered to be the treatment or processing of waste and they are therefore classified in Section E (Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities). However, the manufacture of new final products (as opposed to secondary raw materials) is classified in manufacturing, even if these processes use waste as an input. For example, the production of silver from film waste is considered to be a manufacturing process.

    Specialized maintenance and repair of industrial, COMMERCIAL and similar machinery and equipment is, in general, classified in division 33 (Repair, maintenance and installation of machinery and equipment). However, the repair of computers and personal and household goods is classified in division 95 (Repair of computers and personal and household goods), while the repair of motor vehicles is classified in division 45 (Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles).

    The installation of machinery and equipment, when carried out as a specialized activity, is classified in 3320.

    Remark: The boundaries of manufacturing and the other sectors of the classification system can be somewhat blurry.

  • Section G
    Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles
    This section includes wholesale and retail sale (i.e. sale without transformation) of any type of goods and the rendering of services incidental to the sale of these goods. Wholesaling and retailing are the final steps in the distribution of goods. Goods bought and sold are also referred to as merchandise.

    Also included in this section are the repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.

    Sale without transformation is considered to include the usual operations (or manipulations) associated with trade, for example sorting, grading and assembling of goods, mixing (blending) of goods (for example sand), bottling (with or without preceding bottle cleaning), packing, breaking bulk and repacking for distribution in smaller lots, storage (whether or not frozen or chilled), cleaning and drying of agricultural products, cutting out of wood fibreboards or metal sheets as secondary activities.

    Division 45 includes all activities related to the sale and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, while divisions 46 and 47 include all other sale activities. The distinction between division 46 (wholesale) and division 47 (retail sale) is based on the predominant type of customer.

    Wholesale is the resale (sale without transformation) of new and used goods to retailers, to industrial, COMMERCIAL, institutional or professional users, or to other wholesalers, or involves acting as an agent or broker in buying goods for, or selling goods to, such persons or companies. The principal types of businesses included are merchant wholesalers, i.e. wholesalers who take title to the goods they sell, such as wholesale merchants or jobbers, industrial distributors, exporters, importers, and cooperative buying associations, sales branches and sales offices (but not retail stores) that are maintained by manufacturing or mining units apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products and that do not merely take orders to be filled by direct shipments from the plants or mines. Also included are merchandise brokers, commission merchants and agents and assemblers, buyers and cooperative associations engaged in the marketing of farm products. Wholesalers frequently physically assemble, sort and grade goods in large lots, break bulk, repack and redistribute in smaller lots, for example pharmaceuticals; store, refrigerate, deliver and install goods, engage in sales promotion for their customers and label design.

    Retailing is the resale (sale without transformation) of new and used goods mainly to the general public for personal or household consumption or utilization, by shops, department stores, stalls, mail-order houses, door-to-door sales persons, hawkers and peddlers, consumer cooperatives, auction houses etc. Most retailers take title to the goods they sell, but some act as agents for a principal and sell either on consignment or on a commission basis.